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Present simple

Unit1     Present simple  បចបប្កលធមា
  Definition  (នយមនយ)
The simple present Tense is used for an action that happens again and again, that is a habit
or true about the world.គគគររបចរបនាលធមាសរាបសកមាពដដលគកតគឡងដដដលៗឬា
ទាបឬារពតគៅគលគោក។
Formula: (របមន)
Subject  +    Verb   (int)………
(្បានបទ)(ករ ាសព)
In the Present Tense all verbs are not changed when they are used with the first person (I, We) the
second person (you )and the third person plural (They).
កងបចរបនាលធមារគបករាសពទងអសមនររទរមងរបសាគទ  ាលាគររាមយ
បរសទ១(I , We ),បរសទ២(you)នងបរសទ៣ពហវចនៈ(They).។
Examples
I/ You/ We/ They   =>   Go to school.
I/ You/ We/ They  =>    Speak English.
I/ You/ We/ They  =>    Eat apples
 But there are some change of verbs when they are used with the third person singular (He, She, It).
បដនាានារដររររលមយចននរបសករាសពទ៣ឯកវចនៈ(He, She , It).។
១.  First case (ករណទ១)
  In the Present Tense some verbs are changes by adding s when used with the Third Person singular
((He, She, It).
  កងបចរបនាលធមា ករាសពមយចននរតវររទរមងគោយបដនមអកសរs  គៅាលា
គគយកាគៅគររាមយបរសទ៣ឯកវចនៈ((He, She, It ).។
  Example
  Work (គធារ)
  He/ She/ It  =>  Work s
  Sleep  (ដេក)
  He/ She/ It  =>  Sleeps
  Sing  (គរចៀង)

  He/ She/ It  =>  sings.
Eat (ស  ហប)
He/ She/ It  =>  eats.
Come (មក  គៅ)
He/ She/ It  =>  Comes.
Example1  My mother visits me every moth.
    ាយខមកគលងខាគរៀងាលខខ
Example2   He comes here every day.
    ាតមកទគនះាល្ថ
Example3  She plays piano every morning.
    ាងគលងពានាគរៀងាលរពក
Example4  It sleeps here every night.
    ាគដកគៅទគនះាគរៀងាលយប
Example5  My sister walks to school every day.
    រនសសរបសខគដរគៅាោគរៀនាល្ថ
Example6  My friend calls to me every night.
    មតភករបសខទរសពមកខាគរៀងាលយប
Example7  My girlfriend sends me a letter every moon
    មតសសរបសខគផសបរតគោយខាគរៀងាលយប
Example8  My mother always cooks meal for me.
    ាយរបសខខតងដតចអនោារគោយខាគរៀងាលយប
២  Second Case (ករណទ២)
  Verb end in   ss   sh  ch  x  or  o  are changed by adding es when used with the
third person singular (He, She ,It).
  ករសពទងាយាដដលប្បគោយអកសរ ss    sh  ch  x  or o
ារតវររទរមងគោយបដនម es ាលាគគយកាគៅគររាមយបរសទ៣ឯកវចនៈ(He , She , It)។
Example
Kiss (គថប)
  He/ She/ It  =>  Kisses.
  Wash (ោងសាត)     
  He/ She/ It  =>  Washes.
Watch (គមល)
He/ She/ It  =>  Watches. 
   Box (ររោល  ោកកងររអប)
   He/ She/ It  =>  Boxes
  Go (គៅ
  He/ She/ It  =>   goes. 
Example1  He usually kisses his granddaughter every night.
    ាធមាាតគថបគៅសសរបសាតាគរៀងាលយប
Example2  My father washes his car every Sunday.
    ឪពករបសខោងរថយនរបសាតគរៀងាល្ថោទតយ
Example3  My mother watches T.V every day.
    ាយរបសខគមលទរទសសនគរៀងាលយប
Example4  She goes to school with me every day.
    ាងគៅាោាមយខាគរៀងាល្ថ

៣.Third Case (ករណទ៣)
  Verbs ending with y following a vowel are changed by adding s when used with the third person
singular (He, She, It).
  ករាសពទងាយាដដលប្បគោយy  គៅាងចង  គហយាមខគោយសសះារតវររ
ទរមងគោយបដនមអកសរ  s  ាលាគគយកាគៅគររាមយបរសទ៣(He, She, It).។
Example
  Play  (ដលង  ស្តង)
  He/ She/ It  =>  plays
        
  Stay  (នកដៅ)
  He/ She/ It  =>  stays
       
  Buy (ទញ)
He/ She/ It  =>   buys
    
  Say (នាយ)
He/ She/ It  =>      says

  Obey(នបបគប)
He/ She/ It  =>      obeys 
    
  Pray (បងសង)
He/ She/ It  =>  prays 
    
  Pay (បងលយ ចាយ)
He/ She/ It  =>      pays.
Example1  He plays football every evening.
    ាតដលងាលាតាដរៀងាលងច
Example2  Dara always obeys his parents.
    ដា ្តង្តនបបគបតយឪពករបសាត 
Example3  My mother buys me an orange every day.
    តយខទញ្កចដោធនតដោយខតយ្ផាល្ថ
Example4  She always prays for happiness.
    ាង្តង្តបងសងសដសចកសខ
Example5  He pays me every day.
    ាតដចញលយដោយខាល្ថ
    ាតាវខាល្ថ
Example6  He stays with me every day.  
    ាតនកដៅាតយខាល្ថ
4. Fourth Case (ករណទ៤)
  Verb ending with Y following a consonant are changed by dropping y and  add ies when used with
the third person singular.ករ ាសពាងាយ្េលបញបដដយអកសរ  Yដៅាងចងដ យាតខដដយពយញ
នះា្តវបរទ្តងដដយលបអកសរ Y  ដោលរចដ យប្នត  ies ាលាដគយកាដៅដ្បាតយបរសទ៣ឯកវ
ចនៈ។
  Fly  (ដ ះដ រ ដធេដណរាតយនដ ះ)
He/ She/ It  =>      flies.
  Copy  (ថតចតង)
He/ She/ It  =>  copies.
  Try  (ពាាត នកលបង.ល.)
He/ She/ It  =>  tries.    
  Satisfy (បដពញបណង  គបចត)
 He/ She/ It  =>  Satisfies.

Example  She always cries when she meets the difficulties.
    ាង្តង្តយដៅដពល្េលាងជបារលាក។
Example  My boss flies to Hong Kong every year.
    ដៅ យខដធេដណរាតយនដ ះដៅទ្កង ងកងាដរៀងាល្។
Example  She tries to cheat me, but it is impossible.
    ាងពាាតដាក្ាសខប្នតនោចដៅរច។
Example  She copies all documents for her boss every day.
  ាងថតចតងឯកនរាងអសដោយដៅ យរបសាងាដរៀងាល្ថ។
Example   The van carries milk here every morning.
    រថយនេកទកដដះដាតកទដនះដរៀងាល្ពក។
Example  She satisfies her husband so much.
  ាងគបចតបរបសាងាស។
Example  The peacock flies here every night.
    សតដាកដ រតកទដនះាលយប។
  Question (្បដាគសណរ)
Formula (របតន)

  (១)  Do+ Subject +Verb (infinitive)
របតនដនះដ្បស្តបបរសទ១(I ,We)បរសទ២(You)នងបរសទ៣ព វចនៈ(They)។
Example១:  Do you love her?
    ដតអកឯងសសងញាងដទ?
Example២:  Do they come here every day?
    ដតពកដគតកទដនះាល្ថ្តនដទ?
Example៣:  Do we agree with him?
    ដតដយងយល្ពត នងាតដទ?
Example៤:  Do I need a lot of money?
    ដតខ្តវារលយដ្ចន្តនដទ?

  (២)    Does +Subject+ Verb(infinitive)
  របតនដនះដ្បស្តបបរសទ៣ឯកវចនៈ(He, She, It)
Example១  Does she buy a lot of book?
    ដតាងទញដសៀវដៅដ្ចន្តនដទ?
Example២  Does your mother come here every month?
    ដតតយអកតកទដនះាល្ខ្តនដទ?
Example៣  Does Mr  Sok  love you?
    ដតដងកសខសសងញាង្តនដទ?
Example៤  Does he stay with you now?
    ដតាតសព្ថដនះដៅាតយអក្តនដទ?
Example៥  Does she try to learn English?
    ដតាងពាាតដរៀនានអងដគស?
  Negative(្បដាគបេដសធ)
Subject +do+ not +Verb (infinitive)
របតនដ្បស្តបបរសទ១បរសទ២នងបរសទ៣ព វចនៈ។
Do+ not =>don’t
Example1  I do not understand.
    I don’t understand.
    ខតនយលដទ
Example2  We do not need your money.
    We don’t need your money.
  ដយងតន្តវារលយរបសអកដទ
  Example3  You do not understand.
      You don’t understand.
  អកឯងមនយលទលខតគាះ
  Example4  All my friends do not love you.
      All my friends don’t love you.
  មតភកខទងអសមនសសោញអកគទ
 Example5  They do not want to see you anymore.
      They don’t want to see you anymore.ពកគគមនចងជបអកគទៀតគទ
Example6  My brothers do not come here today.
      My brother doesn’t come here today.
      បងៗររសរបសខមនមកទគនះគទកង្ថគនះ។
  Subject +does +not +verb (infinitive)
Does + not = doesn’t
របមនគនះគររសរាបខតបរសទ៣ឯកវចនៈ
Example  He does not love you.
      He doesn’t love you.
      ាតមនសសោញអកគទ។
Example  My mother does not watch T.V today. 
      My mother doesn’t watch T.V today.
      ្ថគនះាយខមនគមលទរទសសនគទ។
Example  The bird does not fly here today.
The bird doesn’tfly here today.
សតបកសមនគហរមកទគនះគទ្ថគនះ។
  Present Simple Passive Voice
Subject+ am+ past participle+ (By)……..
្បានបទ+ am+ ករ ាសពជរទ៣+ (By)……..
Subject+ is+ past participle+ (By)……..
្បានបទ+ is+ ករ ាសពជរទ៣+ (By)……..
 Note
ាកយ By ោចលបគោលានាលាគយងដងានរាាអកគធសកមាពរាមន
សាន។
xample  Thousands of people are cured every day.
  Thousands of cured by doctors every day.
  មនសសាបានាករតវានពាាលាល្ថ។
xample  Hundred Kilograms of meat is eaten by crocodile.
  ាចាបរយគឡរាមរតវានរកគពសាល្ថ។
xample  Ten cows are killed every day.
  គាញ១០កាលរតវានគគសាបាល្ថ។
xample  Million liters of gasoline is used every day.
  គររងាងាបោនលរតរតវានគគគររាគរៀងាល្។
xample  This table is destroyed by Mr Sok.
  តគនះរតវានបលញគោយគោកសខ
  គោកសខាអកចលញតគនះ។
Subject+ are+ past participle+ (By)……..
្បានបទ+ are+ ករ ាសពជរទ៣+ (By)……..

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